下面直接放一个例子来与大家分享一段利用 grep 和map 计算两个列表集合中的交集、并集、补集
[code lang="perl"]
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
#######################################
# 用grep 和map 获取两个列表的交集并集、补集
#######################################
my @a=("a","b","c","d","e");
my @b=("b","g","f","e");
print "列表a数据: @a \n";
print "列表b数据: @b \n";
my %a = map{$_ => 1} @a;
my %b = map{$_ => 1} @b;
my @c = map{$_ => 1} @a; # => 操作符起到了hash赋值的作用
# @a @b 交集
my @inter = grep {$a{$_}} @b; # 求交集
print "交集:@inter \n";
# @a,@b 并集
my %merge = map {$_ => 1} @a,@b; # 求并集
my @merge = keys (%merge);
print "并集:@merge \n";
# @a,@b的补集@ca,@cb,即@a和@b相对于@merge的补集
my @ca = grep {!$a{$_}} @merge;
my @cb = grep {!$b{$_}} @merge;
print "\@a的补集:@ca \n";
print "\@b的补集:@cb \n";
[/code]